The Blockchain and the New Architecture of Trust (Kevin Werbach 2018)
- Blockchain originates in 1979 as Merkle trees and due to its expired patent was reintroduced by Satoshi.
- Types of trust architecture:
- Peer-to-peer
- Leviathan
- Intermediary
- Blockchain
- 2 guards puzzle: one leads to riches, other leads to death, one will tell the truth, one will lie.
- Answer is to ask which door the other guard suggests and go to the opposite.
- Byzantine generals' problem is where the generals do not know if the previous messenger has successfully delivered the message.
- Vili’s paradox: blockchain can never become huge due to its governance paradox.
- Bitcoin
- 51-percent-attack is the highest computing power that can fork the longest chain.
- Merge mining or pegged sidechains is other coins to piggyback bitcoin for validation.
- 1,000 accounts hold 40% while another 100 accounts hold 17%.
- Howey test to determine if something constitute to a security:
- The contribution of money
- To a common enterprise
- With the expectation of profits
- Derived from the efforts of others
- Terms
- Anti-money laundering (AML)
- Know your client (KYC)
- Peer-to-peer (P2P)
- Decentralised applications (Dapps)
- Proof of stake (POS)
- Proof of work (POW)
- Inter Planetary File System (IPFS)
- Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT)
- Unspent transaction output (UTXO)
- Decentralised autonomous organisation (DAO)
- General purpose technology (GPT)
- Public key infrastructure (PKI)
- Initial coin offering (ICO)
- Application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs)
- Delaware blockchain initiative (DBI)
- Common coins
- Ethereum (ETH)
- Ethereum Classic (ETC)
- Anonymity: Monero (XMR), Dash, ZCash (ZEC)
- Blockchain of Asia: NEO, Qtum
- Brave browser: Basic Attention Token (BAT), 20 accounts hold ⅔ of the token.
- Open-source distributed ledger for IoT: IOTA

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